1860 Federal Census Middlesex County, Massachusetts (Woburn: File 9 of 16) ************************************************************************ Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwcensus.org/ http://www.usgwcensus.org/cenfiles/ ************************************************************************ The USGenWeb Archives provide genealogical and historical data to the general public without fee or charge of any kind. It is intended that this material not be used in a commercial manner. All submissions become part of the permanent collection. Abstracted by K. O'Donnell from public records. Edited and formatted by Kathy Grace. Submitted by K. O'Donnell. A volunteer has not yet been found to proofread this transcription. If you are interested in doing this please contact the USGenWeb Census Project. Both above notices must remain when copied or downloaded. _________________________________________________________________________ NOTE: For more information on Middlesex County, Massachusetts, Please visit the Middlesex County, MAGenWeb page at http://www.rootsweb.com/~mamiddle/ ____________________________________________________________________________ This work follows all guidelines of the USGW Census Project, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. ____________________________________________________________________________ KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS: LN=Line Number HN=House Number FN=Family Number MRD=Married within last year SCH=Attended school within last year R/W=Adults who cannot read and write DDB=Whether deaf, dumb, blind, insane, idiotic, pauper, or convict ____________________________________________________________________________ This is the 1860 Federal Census Middlesex County, Massachusetts ____________________________________________________________________________ --- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 340 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 340 Enumerated on: September 11, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2305 | 2996 | Mann Hannah | 40 F | Housewife | | NH | | M500 | 2 | 2305 | 2996 | Mann Moses W | 14 M | | | VT | X | M500 | 3 | 2305 | 2996 | Mann Lucetta | 4 F | | | MA | | M500 | 4 | 2305 | 2996 | Mann Abby L | 4/12 F | | | MA | | M500 | 5 | 2306 | 2997 | Green Oliver | 38 M | Piano Tuner | 125 700 | MA | | G650 | 6 | 2306 | 2997 | Green Susanna | 36 F | Housewife | | MA | | G650 | 7 | 2306 | 2997 | Green Joseph R | 10 M | | | MA | | G650 | 8 | 2307 | 2998 | Sutherland Daniel | 49 M | Machinist | 1200 100 | ME | | S364 | 9 | 2307 | 2998 | Sutherland Clara P | 46 F | Housewife | | ME | | S364 | 10 | 2307 | 2998 | Sutherland Evie O | 19 F | School Teacher | | ME | | S364 | 11 | 2307 | 2998 | Sutherland Mary A | 16 F | Student | | ME | | S364 | 12 | 2307 | 2998 | Sutherland George H | 7 M | | | MA | X | S364 | 13 | 2307 | 2998 | Sutherland Charles E | 5 M | | | MA | | S364 | 14 | 2308 | 2999 | Conley John | 29 M | Currier | | Ireland | | C540 | 15 | 2308 | 2999 | Conley Rose | 26 F | Housekeeper | | Ireland | X | C540 | 16 | 2308 | 2999 | Conley James H | 3 M | | | MA | | C540 | 17 | 2308 | 2999 | Conley Mary | 2 F | | | MA | | C540 | 18 | 2308 | 2999 | Conley Rose | 8/12 F | | | MA | | C540 | 19 | 2309 | 3000 | Rooney Hugh | 28 M | Laborer | 40 | Ireland | X X | R500 | 20 | 2309 | 3000 | Rooney Bridget | 24 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X X | R500 | 21 | 2309 | 3001 | Henchy Mathew | 35 M | Laborer | | Ireland | | H520 | 22 | 2309 | 3001 | Henchy Mary | 32 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | H520 | 23 | 2309 | 3001 | Henchy William | 11 M | | | MA | | H520 | 24 | 2310 | 3002 | Murray Patrick | 55 M | Laborer | 50 | Ireland | | M600 | 25 | 2310 | 3002 | Murray Margaret | 20 F | Housekeeper | | Ireland | | M600 | 26 | 2310 | 3003 | Ward Barnard | 30 M | Laborer | | Ireland | | W630 | 27 | 2310 | 3003 | Ward Elizabeth | 28 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | W630 | 28 | 2310 | 3003 | Ward Margaret J | 3 F | | | MA | | W630 | 29 | 2310 | 3003 | Ward James H | 1 M | | | MA | | W630 | 30 | 2310 | 3004 | Hagerty Barnard | 30 M | Laborer | 50 | Ireland | X | H263 | 31 | 2310 | 3004 | Hagerty Joanna | 25 F | Housewife | | Ireland | | H263 | 32 | 2311 | 3005 | Ellis Russell F | 37 M | Blacksmith | 300 | ME | | E420 | 33 | 2311 | 3005 | Ellis Frances D | 37 F | Housewife | | ME | | E420 | 34 | 2311 | 3005 | Ellis Frederick B | 14 M | | | ME | X | E420 | 35 | 2311 | 3005 | Ellis Clara A | 12 F | | | ME | X | E420 | 36 | 2311 | 3005 | Ellis Rebecca G | 6/12 F | | | MA | | E420 | 37 | 2311 | 3006 | Skinner Ann B | 46 F | Housekeeper | 1200 150 | Scotland | | S560 | 38 | 2311 | 3006 | Skinner James | 25 M | Currier | | NS | | S560 | 39 | 2311 | 3006 | Skinner Christina | 16 F | Domestic | | NS | | S560 | 40 | 2311 | 3006 | Skinner Priest | 26 M | Cordwainer | | England | | S560 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================--- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 341 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 341 Enumerated on: September 11, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2311 | 3006 | Grant Alexander | 20 M | Tailor | | NS | | G653 | 2 | 2311 | 3006 | Barry Otis G | 20 M | Curriers Apprentice | | NH | | B600 | 3 | 2312 | 3007 | Young Mary A | 48 F | Housekeeper | 5000 300 | MA | | Y520 | 4 | 2312 | 3007 | Young Henrietta | 20 F | Seamstress | | MA | | Y520 | 5 | 2312 | 3007 | Young Clarence S | 17 M | Student | | MA | X | Y520 | 6 | 2312 | 3007 | Young Susan F | 14 F | | | MA | X | Y520 | 7 | 2312 | 3007 | Young Linnill | 24 M | Currier | | MA | | Y520 | 8 | 2312 | 3007 | Seely Montresser | 22 M | Salesman | | MA | | S400 | 9 | 2312 | 3007 | Coffin Edward M | 23 M | Carpenter | | ME | | C150 | 10 | 2313 | 3008 | Parker Nathan | 50 M | Cordwainer | 200 450 | MA | | P626 | 11 | 2313 | 3008 | Parker Ruth | 34 F | Housewife | | MA | | P626 | 12 | 2314 | 3009 | Bowman Isaiah | 48 M | Cordwainer | 2100 300 | MA | | B550 | 13 | 2314 | 3009 | Bowman Elizabeth D | 47 F | Housewife | | MA | | B550 | 14 | 2315 | 3010 | Fowle Luke | 58 M | Farmer | 10000 200 | MA | | F400 | 15 | 2315 | 3010 | Fowle Eliza R | 52 F | Housewife | | MA | | F400 | 16 | 2315 | 3010 | Fowle Eliza M | 14 F | | | MA | X | F400 | 17 | 2315 | 3010 | Fowle James L | 12 M | | | MA | X | F400 | 18 | 2315 | 3010 | Fowle Emma F | 9 F | | | MA | X | F400 | 19 | 2315 | 3010 | Houghton James | 35 M | Farm Laborer | | Ireland | | H235 | 20 | 2316 | 3011 | Skinner Stephen | 63 M | Laborer | 2500 300 | MA | | S560 | 21 | 2316 | 3011 | Skinner Sally | 62 F | Housewife | | MA | | S560 | 22 | 2316 | 3011 | Skinner Mary A F | 20 F | Seamstress | | MA | | S560 | 23 | 2316 | 3012 | Barrett Jonas P | 29 M | Clerk | 100 | MA | | B630 | 24 | 2316 | 3012 | Barrett Sarah L | 26 F | Housewife | | MA | | B630 | 25 | 2316 | 3012 | Barrett Jonas F | 2 M | | | MA | | B630 | 26 | 2317 | 3013 | Sonrel Anton | 46 M | Littographer | 4000 900 | France | | S564 | 27 | 2317 | 3013 | Sonrel Jane L | 41 F | Gentlewoman | | Switzerland | | S564 | 28 | 2317 | 3013 | Sonrel Lewis A | 4 M | | | MA | | S564 | 29 | 2317 | 3013 | Sonrel Charlotte M | 5/12 F | | | MA | | S564 | 30 | 2317 | 3013 | Bonar Martha | 54 F | Servant | | Ireland | | B560 | 31 | 2317 | 3013 | McCarty Joanna | 20 F | Servant | | Ireland | | M263 | 32 | 2318 | 3014 | Hammond Joseph W | 38 M | Trader | 4500 3000 | MA | | H553 | 33 | 2318 | 3014 | Hammond Elizabeth | 32 F | Housewife | | MA | | H553 | 34 | 2318 | 3014 | Hammond Harriet J | 7 F | | | MA | X | H553 | 35 | 2318 | 3014 | Hammond Anna | 2 F | | | MA | | H553 | 36 | 2319 | 3015 | Hammond Jonathan | 67 M | Harness Maker | 4000 150 | MA | | H553 | 37 | 2319 | 3015 | Hammond Mary A | 64 F | Housewife | | MA | | H553 | 38 | 2319 | 3015 | Hammond Mary A | 31 F | School Teacher | | MA | | H553 | 39 | 2319 | 3015 | Jackson Clarence | 6 M | | | MA | X | J225 | 40 | 2320 | 3016 | Hill Jotham | 49 M | Master Carpenter | 11500 800 | ME | | H400 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================--- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 342 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 342 Enumerated on: September 12, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2320 | 3016 | Hill Lucy F | 42 F | Housewife | | MA | | H400 | 2 | 2320 | 3016 | Hill Waldo | 15 M | Student | | MA | X | H400 | 3 | 2320 | 3016 | Hill Jotham F | 13 M | | | MA | X | H400 | 4 | 2320 | 3016 | Lawrence Eben | 24 M | Carpenter | | MA | | L652 | 5 | 2320 | 3016 | Burton Henry | 19 M | Carpenters Apprentice | | NH | | B635 | 6 | 2320 | 3016 | Braden Isabella | 21 F | Servant | | Wailes | | B635 | 7 | 2321 | 3017 | Taylor Henry | 41 M | Leather Manf | 2000 13000 | MA | | T460 | 8 | 2321 | 3017 | Taylor Mary | 37 F | Housewife | | NH | | T460 | 9 | 2321 | 3017 | Taylor Ann M | 16 F | Student | | MA | X | T460 | 10 | 2321 | 3017 | Taylor Charles | 14 M | | | MA | X | T460 | 11 | 2321 | 3017 | Coleman Mary A | 20 F | Servant | | MA | | C455 | 12 | 2322 | 3018 | Alexander Philip | 53 M | Mason | 3000 100 | NH | | A425 | 13 | 2322 | 3018 | Alexander Mary | 50 F | Housewife | | NH | | A425 | 14 | 2322 | 3018 | Alexander Sarah F | 17 F | Housework | | MA | | A425 | 15 | 2322 | 3018 | Alexander James P | 15 M | | | MA | X | A425 | 16 | 2322 | 3018 | Alexander Mary E | 12 F | | | MA | X | A425 | 17 | 2323 | 3019 | Tuck Charles W | 38 M | Cordwainer | 950 40 | MA | | T200 | 18 | 2323 | 3019 | Tuck Sarah | 43 F | Housewife | | NH | | T200 | 19 | 2323 | 3019 | Tuck Mary J | 13 F | | | MA | X | T200 | 20 | 2323 | 3019 | Tuck Charles | 9 F | | | MA | X | T200 | 21 | 2323 | 3019 | Tuck Cyntha J | 6 F | | | MA | X | T200 | 22 | 2324 | 3020 | Tuck Walter M | 33 M | Mason | 1400 300 | MA | | T200 | 23 | 2324 | 3020 | Tuck Lydia A | 27 F | Housewife | | MA | | T200 | 24 | 2324 | 3020 | Tuck Lydia J | 8 F | | | MA | X | T200 | 25 | 2324 | 3020 | Tuck Emma N | 7/12 F | | | MA | | T200 | 26 | 2325 | 3021 | Stowers Christopher C | 40 M | Painter | 1400 50 | MA | | S362 | 27 | 2325 | 3021 | Stowers Martha A | 29 F | Housewife | | MA | | S362 | 28 | 2325 | 3021 | Stowers Martha E | 6 F | | | MA | | S362 | 29 | 2325 | 3021 | Stowers Mary F | 5 F | | | MA | | S362 | 30 | 2325 | 3021 | Stowers Edward E | 3 M | | | MA | | S362 | 31 | 2325 | 3021 | Stowers Henry A | 9/12 M | | | MA | | S362 | twins 32 | 2325 | 3021 | Stowers Anensta H | 9/12 F | | | MA | | S362 | twins 33 | 2326 | 3022 | Knowlton Henry | 28 M | Carpenter | 1200 150 | ME | | K543 | 34 | 2326 | 3022 | Knowlton Matilda T | 29 F | Housewife | | ME | | K543 | 35 | 2326 | 3022 | Knowlton Ida | 3 F | | | MA | | K543 | 36 | 2327 | 3023 | Fowle Charles A | 35 M | Carpenter | 300 | MA | | F400 | 37 | 2327 | 3023 | Fowle Lizzie A | 29 F | Housewife | | MA | | F400 | 38 | 2327 | 3023 | Fowle Ella A | 9 F | | | MA | | F400 | 39 | 2327 | 3023 | Fowle Leonard | 6 M | | | MA | | F400 | 40 | 2327 | 3024 | Fowle Leonard | 69 M | Carpenter | 9000 500 | MA | | F400 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================--- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 343 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 343 Enumerated on: September 12, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2327 | 3024 | Fowle Ruby | 68 F | Housewife | | VT | | F400 | 2 | 2328 | 3025 | Ward Horace | 50 M | Carpenter | 3500 150 | MA | | W630 | 3 | 2328 | 3025 | Ward Mary H | 49 F | Housewife | | MA | | W630 | 4 | 2328 | 3025 | Ward Mary E | 20 F | | | MA | | W630 | 5 | 2328 | 3025 | Ward Emily S | 19 F | | | MA | | W630 | 6 | 2328 | 3025 | Ward William H | 5 M | | | MA | X | W630 | 7 | 2329 | 3026 | Freeman Dyer | 25 M | Grammar School Teacher | 350 | MA | | F655 | 8 | 2329 | 3026 | Freeman Jenny | 28 F | Housewife | | MA | | F655 | 9 | 2329 | 3026 | Freeman Herbert A | 3 M | | | MA | | F655 | 10 | 2329 | 3026 | Conant Louisa | 12 F | | | MA | | C553 | 11 | 2330 | 3027 | Buckman Alva | 37 M | Trader | 1000 1600 | MA | | B255 | 12 | 2330 | 3027 | Buckman Susan | 36 F | Housewife | | MA | | B255 | 13 | 2330 | 3027 | Buckman Francis A | 10 M | | | MA | | B255 | 14 | 2330 | 3027 | Buckman Susan E | 3 F | | | MA | | B255 | 15 | 2331 | 3028 | Greenwood Curtis | 31 M | Carpenter | 5500 300 | NH | | G653 | 16 | 2331 | 3028 | Greenwood Sarah E | 28 F | Housewife | | MA | | G653 | 17 | 2331 | 3028 | Greenwood Lillie M | 8 F | | | MA | X | G653 | 18 | 2331 | 3028 | Greenwood Gordon T | 5 M | | | MA | X | G653 | 19 | 2332 | 3029 | Teare Philip | 44 M | Tailor | 2500 500 | Isle of Man | | T600 | 20 | 2332 | 3029 | Teare Margaret | 42 F | Milliner | | Isle of Man | | T600 | 21 | 2332 | 3029 | Teare Annette E | 12 F | | | MA | X | T600 | 22 | 2332 | 3029 | Teare Frances R | 10 F | | | MA | X | T600 | 23 | 2332 | 3029 | Crennell Catherine | 69 F | | | Isle of Man | | C654 | 24 | 2332 | 3029 | Hoffman Margery | 26 F | Servant | | NS | | H155 | 25 | 2332 | 3029 | Hogan Ann J O | 21 F | Servant | | Ireland | | H250 | 26 | 2333 | 3030 | Tay Cyrus | 33 M | Gentleman | 1500 | MA | | T000 | 27 | 2333 | 3030 | Wrisley Ann | 46 F | Housekeeper | 4000 2000 | NH | | W624 | 28 | 2333 | 3030 | Flagg Sewall | 63 M | Gentleman | 11300 11000 | MA | | F420 | 29 | 2333 | 3030 | Paine John A | 34 M | Salesman | | ME | | P500 | 30 | 2333 | 3030 | Haggins Edward H | 26 M | Engineer | | ME | | H252 | 31 | 2333 | 3030 | King Frederick | 22 M | Fireman on RR | | unknown | | K520 | 32 | 2333 | 3030 | Sutherland Thomas | 32 M | Currier | | NS | | S364 | 33 | 2333 | 3030 | Wrisley Henrietta A | 20 F | Housework | | NH | | W624 | 34 | 2333 | 3030 | Stickney Henry | 30 M | Painter | | MA | | S325 | 35 | 2333 | 3030 | Russell Warren | 25 M | Jappaner | | MA | | R240 | 36 | 2333 | 3030 | Minchin Charles | 25 M | Currier | | MA | | M525 | 37 | 2333 | 3030 | Polland Charles B | 24 M | Blacksmith | | NH | | P453 | 38 | 2333 | 3030 | Knapp William H | 24 M | Jappaner | | NJ | | K510 | 39 | 2333 | 3030 | McKeivis John | 35 M | Currier | | Canada | | M212 | 40 | 2333 | 3030 | McKee George | 25 M | Hosler | | NH | | M200 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================--- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 344 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 344 Enumerated on: September 12, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2333 | 3030 | Adams Horace | 23 M | Hostler | | MA | | A352 | 2 | 2333 | 3030 | Adams Horace E | 21 M | Hostler | | MA | | A352 | 3 | 2333 | 3030 | Giraux Joseph | 38 M | Hostler | | Canada | | G620 | 4 | 2333 | 3030 | Hamlin F W | 40 M | Carpenter | | MA | | H545 | 5 | 2333 | 3030 | Whalan Delia | 19 F | Servant | | Ireland | | W450 | 6 | 2333 | 3030 | Howard Bridget | 16 F | Servant | | Ireland | | H630 | 7 | 2333 | 3030 | Dunning Ann | 22 F | Servant | | Ireland | | D552 | 8 | 2333 | 3030 | Beers Herbert M | 44 M | Cordwainer | | MA | | B620 | 9 | 2333 | 3030 | Beers Nancy | 34 F | Milliner | | NH | | B620 | 10 | 2333 | 3030 | Beers Adrianna | 12 F | | | MA | | B620 | 11 | 2333 | 3030 | Crocker Orlando | 25 M | Barber | | MA | | C626 | 12 | 2333 | 3030 | Crocker Sarah | 23 F | | | MA | | C626 | 13 | 2333 | 3030 | Crocker Frederick | 5/12 M | | | MA | | C626 | 14 | 2334 | 3031 | Fletcher Bernard | 26 M | Jappaner | 100 | Hessin Germany | | F432 | 15 | 2334 | 3031 | Burnand Lydia T | 25 F | Housewife | | NH | | B655 | 16 | 2334 | 3031 | Burnand Isabella G | 2 F | | | MA | | B655 | 17 | 2335 | 3032 | Davis Charles G | 59 M | Carpenter | 200 100 | NH | | D120 | 18 | 2335 | 3032 | Davis Jane F | 35 F | Housewife | | MA | | D120 | 19 | 2335 | 3032 | Davis Albert | 15 M | | | MA | X | D120 | 20 | 2335 | 3032 | Davis Augustus | 9 M | | | MA | X | D120 | 21 | 2336 | 3033 | Hayward Alpheus I | 43 M | Coal Dealer | 4000 5000 | ME | | H630 | 22 | 2336 | 3033 | Hayward Hepsy | 42 F | Housewife | | MA | | H630 | 23 | 2336 | 3033 | Hayward Ellen A | 16 F | Student | | MA | X | H630 | 24 | 2336 | 3033 | Hayward Rufus C | 14 M | | | MA | X | H630 | 25 | 2336 | 3033 | Hayward Anna E | 10 F | | | ME | X | H630 | 26 | 2336 | 3033 | Hayward Elisha F | 4 M | | | ME | | H630 | 27 | 2336 | 3033 | Hansom Sarah P | 32 F | Servant | | ME | | H525 | 28 | 2337 | 3034 | Perham Loran W | 42 M | Master Carpenter | 6450 700 | VT | | P650 | 29 | 2337 | 3034 | Perham Dorothy H | 40 F | Housewife | | MA | | P650 | 30 | 2337 | 3034 | Perham John L | 12 M | | | MA | X | P650 | 31 | 2337 | 3034 | Perham Williametta | 6 F | | | MA | X | P650 | 32 | 2337 | 3034 | Perham Alonzo L | 9/12 M | | | MA | | P650 | 33 | 2338 | 3035 | Kimball John R | 43 M | Merchant | | MA | | K514 | 34 | 2338 | 3035 | Kimball Lydia A | 39 F | Housewife | | MA | | K514 | 35 | 2338 | 3035 | Kimball Lydia A | 14 F | | | MA | X | K514 | 36 | 2338 | 3035 | Kimball Elizabett P | 11 F | | | MA | X | K514 | 37 | 2338 | 3035 | Kimball John R | 9 M | | | MA | X | K514 | 38 | 2338 | 3035 | Kimball Augustine | 6 M | | | MA | X | K514 | 39 | 2338 | 3035 | Kimball Josephine | 3 F | | | MA | | K514 | 40 | 2338 | 3035 | Kimball Emily | 11/12 F | | | MA | | K514 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================--- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 345 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 345 Enumerated on: September 13, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2338 | 3035 | Durnin Ann | 22 F | Servant | | Ireland | | D655 | 2 | 2339 | 3036 | Bulfinch Henry | 38 M | Salesman | 200 | MA | | B415 | 3 | 2339 | 3036 | Bulfinch Eliza A | 33 F | Housewife | | MA | | B415 | 4 | 2339 | 3036 | Bulfinch Henry F | 12 M | | | MA | X | B415 | 5 | 2339 | 3036 | Bulfinch Stephen A | 9 M | | | MA | X | B415 | 6 | 2339 | 3036 | Bugbee Mary E | 30 F | Seamstress | | MA | | B210 | 7 | 2340 | 3037 | Wade Charles | 33 M | Trader | 500 | MA | | W300 | 8 | 2340 | 3037 | Wade Almira | 34 F | Seamstress | | MA | | W300 | 9 | 2340 | 3037 | Wade Charles D | 5 M | | | MA | | W300 | 10 | 2340 | 3037 | Johnson Charlotte | 40 F | Housekeeper | | MA | | J525 | 11 | 2340 | 3037 | Frost Hannah | 72 F | Housekeeper | 2500 100 | MA | | F623 | 12 | 2340 | 3037 | Lernoned Lydia | 44 F | Tailoress | | MA | | L655 | 13 | 2341 | 3038 | Coldwell Samuel | 57 M | Cordwainer | 2600 800 | MA | | C434 | 14 | 2341 | 3038 | Coldwell Eliza A | 52 F | Housewife | | MA | | C434 | 15 | 2341 | 3038 | Coldwell Eliza F | 17 F | Seamstress | | MA | | C434 | 16 | 2341 | 3038 | Coldwell Carolina M | 13 F | | | MA | X | C434 | 17 | 2341 | 3039 | Coldwell Samuel S | 32 M | Brakeman on RR | 50 | MA | | C434 | 18 | 2341 | 3039 | Coldwell Sarah | 25 F | | | MA | | C434 | 19 | 2341 | 3039 | Coldwell Susan F | 4 F | | | MA | | C434 | 20 | 2341 | 3039 | Coldwell Angie I | 3 F | | | MA | | C434 | 21 | 2341 | 3039 | Coldwell Charles S | 2 M | | | MA | | C434 | 22 | 2342 | 3040 | Nichols Nathan H | 34 M | Poker* Currier | 75 | MA | | N242 | 23 | 2342 | 3040 | Nichols Harriet N | 29 F | Housewife | | ME | | N242 | 24 | 2342 | 3040 | Nichols Anna L | 5 F | | | ME | X | N242 | 25 | 2342 | 3040 | Nichols Melville H | 3 M | | | ME | | N242 | 26 | 2342 | 3040 | Nichols Julia A | 1 F | | | MA | | N242 | 27 | 2343 | 3041 | Page James N | 42 M | Carpenter | 3000 200 | NH | | P200 | 28 | 2343 | 3041 | Page Elizabeth M | 39 F | Housewife | | MA | | P200 | 29 | 2344 | 3042 | Galahan James | 35 M | Blacksmith | 1100 100 | Ireland | X | G450 | 30 | 2344 | 3042 | Galahan Ann | 33 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | G450 | 31 | 2344 | 3042 | Galahan Margaret A | 10 F | | | MA | X | G450 | 32 | 2344 | 3042 | Galahan Mary J | 5 F | | | MA | X | G450 | 33 | 2344 | 3042 | Galahan Sarah A | 4 F | | | MA | | G450 | 34 | 2344 | 3042 | Galahan Catherine | 1 F | | | MA | | G450 | 35 | 2344 | 3043 | Warren Mary | 79 F | Housekeeper | 50 | Ireland | | W650 | 36 | 2344 | 3043 | Warren William | 30 M | Currier | | MA | | W650 | 37 | 2345 | 3044 | Geraux Ezra | 35 M | Wheelwright | 450 100 | Canada | | G620 | 38 | 2345 | 3044 | Geraux Catherine | 48 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | G620 | 39 | 2345 | 3044 | Geraux Catherine | 4 F | | | MA | | G620 | 40 | 2345 | 3044 | Geraux Ezra | 7/12 M | | | MA | | G620 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================--- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 346 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 346 Enumerated on: September 13, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2346 | 3044 | | | | | | | | Unoccupied 2 | 2347 | 3045 | Collins John | 37 M | Currier | 75 | Ireland | | C452 | 3 | 2347 | 3045 | Collins Mary | 28 F | Housewife | | Ireland | | C452 | 4 | 2347 | 3046 | Geraux Joseph | 39 M | Wheelwright | 1000 100 | Canada | | G620 | 5 | 2347 | 3046 | Geraux Mary | 35 F | Housewife | | Ireland | | G620 | 6 | 2347 | 3046 | Geraux Joseph H | 11 M | | | MA | X | G620 | 7 | 2347 | 3046 | Geraux Sarahphene | 9 F | | | MA | X | G620 | 8 | 2347 | 3046 | Geraux Mary F | 7 F | | | MA | X | G620 | 9 | 2347 | 3046 | Geraux John F | 5 M | | | MA | X | G620 | 10 | 2347 | 3046 | Geraux Lewis | 2 M | | | MA | | G620 | 11 | 2348 | 3047 | Burns Honora | 50 F | Housekeeper | 500 25 | Ireland | | B652 | 12 | 2348 | 3048 | Murphy Michael | 24 M | Currier | 75 | MA | | M610 | 13 | 2348 | 3048 | Murphy Ellen | 21 F | Housewife | | NB | | M610 | 14 | 2348 | 3048 | Murphy William H | 9/12 M | | | MA | | M610 | 15 | 2348 | 3048 | Burns Margaret | 19 F | Tailoress | | NB | | B652 | 16 | 2348 | 3048 | Burns Elizabeth | 15 F | Housework | | NB | | B652 | 17 | 2348 | 3048 | Burns Peter | 20 M | Works for the State | | NB | | B652 | convicted of horse stealing 18 | 2349 | 3049 | Hurley Dennis | 35 M | Laborer | 40 | Ireland | X | H640 | 19 | 2349 | 3049 | Hurley Catherine | 35 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | H640 | 20 | 2349 | 3049 | Hurley James | 4 M | | | MA | | H640 | 21 | 2349 | 3049 | Hurley John | 1 M | | | MA | | H640 | 22 | 2349 | 3050 | Sullivan Patrick | 35 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | | S415 | 23 | 2349 | 3050 | Sullivan Eliza | 30 F | Housewife | | Ireland | | S415 | 24 | 2349 | 3050 | Sullivan Thomas | 6 M | | | MA | X | S415 | 25 | 2349 | 3050 | Sullivan Margaret | 3 F | | | MA | | S415 | 26 | 2349 | 3050 | Sullivan Julia | 1 F | | | MA | | S415 | 27 | 2350 | 3051 | Kelley John | 27 M | Currier | 50 | Ireland | | K400 | 28 | 2350 | 3051 | Kelley Catherine | 21 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | K400 | 29 | 2350 | 3051 | Kelley Anna | 1 F | | | MA | | K400 | 30 | 2351 | 3052 | Burk Daniel | 35 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | | B620 | 31 | 2351 | 3052 | Burk Ellen | 24 F | Housewife | | Ireland | | B620 | 32 | 2351 | 3052 | Burk James | 2 M | | | MA | | B620 | 33 | 2351 | 3052 | Burk Mary | 5/12 F | | | MA | | B620 | 34 | 2351 | 3052 | Burk Dennis | 28 M | Farm Laborer | | Ireland | | B620 | 35 | 2351 | 3053 | OConners Peter | 30 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | X | O256 | 36 | 2351 | 3053 | OConners Ann | 31 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | O256 | 37 | 2351 | 3053 | OConners Mary | 10 F | | | MA | X | O256 | 38 | 2351 | 3053 | OConners Bridget | 6 F | | | MA | X | O256 | 39 | 2351 | 3053 | OConners John | 4 M | | | MA | | O256 | 40 | 2351 | 3053 | OConners Thomas | 2 M | | | MA | | O256 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================--- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 347 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 347 Enumerated on: September 13, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2352 | 3054 | Leonard George | 35 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | | L563 | 2 | 2352 | 3054 | Leonard Mary | 30 F | Housewife | | Ireland | | L563 | 3 | 2352 | 3054 | Leonard George Jr | 3 M | | | MA | | L563 | 4 | 2352 | 3055 | OConner Hannah | 48 F | Housekeeper | 50 | Ireland | | O256 | 5 | 2352 | 3055 | Leary Dennis | 22 M | Laborer | | Ireland | | L600 | 6 | 2353 | 3056 | Mehen Peter | 35 M | Laborer | 600 50 | Ireland | | M500 | 7 | 2353 | 3056 | Mehen Alice | 42 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | M500 | 8 | 2353 | 3057 | Collins Martin | 25 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | X | C452 | 9 | 2353 | 3057 | Collins Ellen | 21 F | Housewife | | MA | | C452 | 10 | 2353 | 3057 | Collins Edward | 2 M | | | MA | | C452 | 11 | 2354 | 3058 | Burk Ellen | 60 F | Housekeeper | 25 | Ireland | | B620 | 12 | 2354 | 3058 | Burk John | 19 M | Curriers Apprentice | | Ireland | | B620 | 13 | 2354 | 3058 | Burk Mary | 15 F | Housework | | Ireland | | B620 | 14 | 2354 | 3058 | Burk James | 56 M | Laborer | | Ireland | | B620 | 15 | 2354 | 3059 | Galispie William | 42 M | Stone Layer | 25 | Scotland | | G421 | 16 | 2354 | 3059 | Galispie Martha | 41 F | Housewife | | Scotland | | G421 | 17 | 2354 | 3059 | Galispie William | 19 M | Curriers Apprentice | | Scotland | | G421 | 18 | 2354 | 3059 | Galispie Margaret | 14 F | | | Scotland | X | G421 | 19 | 2354 | 3059 | Galispie Martin | 11 M | | | Scotland | X | G421 | 20 | 2354 | 3059 | Galispie Mary | 8 F | | | MA | X | G421 | 21 | 2354 | 3059 | Galispie Elizabeth | 5 F | | | MA | X | G421 | 22 | 2354 | 3059 | Galispie Susan | 3 F | | | MA | | G421 | 23 | 2355 | 3060 | Carton John | 50 M | Laborer | 1500 100 | Ireland | | C635 | 24 | 2355 | 3060 | Carton Ellen | 50 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | C635 | 25 | 2355 | 3060 | Carton Richard | 16 M | Teamster | | MA | | C635 | 26 | 2355 | 3060 | Carton James | 13 M | | | MA | X | C635 | 27 | 2356 | 3061 | Daily Patrick | 24 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | | D400 | 28 | 2356 | 3061 | Daily Mary | 28 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | D400 | 29 | 2356 | 3061 | Daily John C | 5/12 M | | | MA | | D400 | 30 | 2356 | 3062 | Noonan Hannah | 40 F | Housewife | 25 | Ireland | X | N550 | 31 | 2356 | 3062 | Noonan Michael | 17 M | Curriers Apprentice | | Ireland | | N550 | 32 | 2356 | 3062 | Noonan Mary | 14 F | | | Ireland | X | N550 | 33 | 2356 | 3062 | Noonan John | 10 M | | | Ireland | | N550 | 34 | 2356 | 3062 | Noonan Julia | 5 F | | | MA | | N550 | 35 | 2356 | 3063 | Bradley Patrick | 36 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | | B634 | 36 | 2356 | 3063 | Bradley Honora | 34 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | B634 | 37 | 2356 | 3063 | Bradley Mary A | 10 F | | | Wails | X | B634 | 38 | 2356 | 3063 | Bradley Joanna | 9 F | | | MA | X | B634 | 39 | 2356 | 3063 | Bradley John | 7 M | | | MA | X | B634 | 40 | 2356 | 3063 | Bradley Elizabeth E | 5 F | | | MA | X | B634 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================--- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 348 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 348 Enumerated on: September 16, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2356 | 3063 | Bradley Honora | 3 F | | | MA | | B634 | 2 | 2357 | 3064 | Gorgan John | 26 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | | G625 | 3 | 2357 | 3064 | Gorgan Margaret | 25 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | G625 | 4 | 2357 | 3064 | Gorgan Mary | 3/12 F | | | MA | | G625 | 5 | 2358 | 3065 | Glynn Catherine | 30 F | Housekeeper | 25 | Ireland | X | G450 | 6 | 2358 | 3065 | Glynn Mary A | 4 F | | | MA | | G450 | 7 | 2358 | 3065 | Glynn Alice J | 2 F | | | MA | | G450 | 8 | 2358 | 3065 | Glynn Catherine | 1/12 U | | | MA | | G450 | 9 | 2358 | 3066 | Goggin Morris | 28 M | Laborer | 40 | Ireland | | G250 | 10 | 2358 | 3066 | Goggin Mary | 26 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | G250 | 11 | 2358 | 3066 | Goggin Ellen | 1 F | | | MA | | G250 | 12 | 2358 | 3066 | Goggin Catherine | 2/12 F | | | MA | | G250 | 13 | 2359 | 3067 | Riley Thomas | 25 M | Tanner | 30 | Ireland | X | R400 | 14 | 2359 | 3067 | Riley Catherine | 22 F | Housewife | | Ireland | | R400 | 15 | 2359 | 3067 | Riley James | 11/12 M | | | MA | | R400 | 16 | 2360 | 3068 | Carley Martin | 30 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | X | C640 | 17 | 2360 | 3068 | Carley Bridget | 30 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | C640 | 18 | 2360 | 3068 | Carley Mary | 8 F | | | England | X | C640 | 19 | 2360 | 3068 | Carley Martin Jr | 6 M | | | England | X | C640 | 20 | 2360 | 3068 | Carley Margaret E | 1 F | | | MA | | C640 | 21 | 2360 | 3069 | Govern James M | 55 M | Gardner | 25 | Ireland | | G165 | 22 | 2360 | 3069 | Govern Margaret | 35 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | G165 | 23 | 2360 | 3069 | Govern Alice | 10 F | | | MA | X | G165 | 24 | 2360 | 3069 | Govern Ellen | 9 M | | | MA | X | G165 | 25 | 2360 | 3069 | Govern James | 7 M | | | MA | X | G165 | 26 | 2360 | 3069 | Govern Thomas | 4 M | | | MA | | G165 | 27 | 2360 | 3069 | Govern Margaret | 1 F | | | MA | | G165 | 28 | 2360 | 3070 | Galagher James | 25 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | | G426 | 29 | 2360 | 3070 | Galagher Elizabeth | 25 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | G426 | 30 | 2360 | 3070 | Galagher Margaret | 11/12 F | | | MA | | G426 | 31 | 2360 | 3071 | Brady Philip | 48 M | Laborer | 25 | Ireland | X | B630 | 32 | 2360 | 3071 | Brady Mary | 40 F | Housewife | | Ireland | X | B630 | 33 | 2360 | 3071 | Brady Richard | 7 M | | | MA | X | B630 | 34 | 2360 | 3071 | Brady John | 4 M | | | MA | | B630 | 35 | 2360 | 3071 | Brady Ann | 2 F | | | MA | | B630 | 36 | 2361 | 3072 | McDonald Peter | 40 M | Engineer | 50 | VT | | M235 | 37 | 2361 | 3072 | McDonald Sarah | 36 F | Housewife | | VT | | M235 | 38 | 2361 | 3072 | McDonald Frank | 12 M | | | MA | X | M235 | 39 | 2361 | 3072 | McDonald Ida | 5 F | | | MA | X | M235 | 40 | 2361 | 3072 | McDonald Charles | 1 M | | | MA | | M235 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================--- Year: 1860 State: Massachusetts County: Middlesex Post Office: Woburn Sheet No: 349 Reel No: M653-509 Division: Woburn Page No: 349 Enumerated on: September 13, 1860 by: Sherman Converse Transcribed by K. O'Donnell for USGenWeb, http://www.usgwcensus.org/. Copyright: 2006 =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== LINE | Dwell | Famil | Lastname Firstname | Age S C | Occupation | Real V Perso | BirthPlace | M S Re Deaf & Dumb | SNDX | Remarks =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|========================================================================== 1 | 2362 | 3073 | Wheeler Angelo L | 27 M | Painter | 75 | MA | | W460 | 2 | 2362 | 3073 | Wheeler Lydia C | 28 F | Housewife | | NS | | W460 | 3 | 2362 | 3073 | Wheeler Oscar H | 3 M | | | MA | | W460 | 4 | 2362 | 3073 | Wheeler Ann E | 1 F | | | MA | | W460 | 5 | 2362 | 3073 | Mathews William | 21 M | Teamster | | NS | | M320 | 6 | 2362 | 3073 | Galispie Margaret | 14 F | Servant | | MA | | G421 | 7 | 2363 | 3074 | Carroll Edward | 38 M | Cordwainer | 50 | MA | | C640 | 8 | 2363 | 3074 | Carroll Hannah | 39 F | Housewife | | MA | | C640 | 9 | 2363 | 3074 | Carroll Harriet A | 28 F | Seamstress | | MA | | C640 | 10 | 2363 | 3074 | Carroll Frank E | 5 M | | | MA | X | C640 | 11 | 2363 | 3074 | Emery George E | 1 M | | | MA | | E560 | 12 | 2364 | 3075 | Richardson Benjamin | 50 M | Carpenter | 3200 200 | MA | | R263 | 13 | 2364 | 3075 | Richardson Mary A | 31 F | Housewife | | MA | | R263 | 14 | 2364 | 3075 | Richardson Jane | 3 F | | | MA | | R263 | 15 | 2364 | 3075 | Richardson Gurtrude | 1 F | | | MA | | R263 | 16 | 2365 | 3076 | Witcher Jacob E | 32 M | Carpenter | 5000 500 | VT | | W326 | 17 | 2365 | 3076 | Witcher Saphronia | 33 F | Housewife | | NH | | W326 | 18 | 2365 | 3076 | Witcher Hellen | 7 F | | | MA | X | W326 | 19 | 2366 | 3077 | Dennett Mary | 57 F | Housekeeper | 100 | England | | D530 | 20 | 2366 | 3077 | Dennett John | 21 M | Sudent College | | NB | | D530 | 21 | 2366 | 3077 | Dennett Mary | 23 F | School Teacher | | NB | | D530 | 22 | 2366 | 3077 | Dennett Robert | 19 M | Salesman | | NB | | D530 | 23 | 2366 | 3077 | Dennett Maria | 17 F | School Teacher | | NB | | D530 | 24 | 2366 | 3077 | Dennett George H | 14 M | | | MA | X | D530 | 25 | 2367 | 3078 | Russell Samuel W | 42 M | Gardner | 4000 1000 | MA | | R240 | 26 | 2367 | 3078 | Russell Susan A | 39 F | Housewife | | MA | | R240 | 27 | 2367 | 3078 | Russell Martha A | 20 F | | | MA | | R240 | 28 | 2367 | 3078 | Russell Theodore E | 18 M | Gardner | | MA | | R240 | 29 | 2367 | 3078 | Russell George W | 16 M | Student | | MA | X | R240 | 30 | 2367 | 3078 | Russell Susan A | 11 F | | | MA | X | R240 | 31 | 2367 | 3078 | Russell John W | 8 M | | | MA | X | R240 | 32 | 2367 | 3078 | Russell Charles H | 6 M | | | MA | X | R240 | 33 | 2367 | 3078 | Russell Eddy H | 2 M | | | MA | | R240 | 34 | 2368 | 3079 | Tweed James | 59 M | Trader | 5000 1000 | MA | | T300 | 35 | 2368 | 3079 | Tweed Sarah | 57 F | Housewife | | MA | | T300 | 36 | 2368 | 3079 | Tweed James Jr | 30 M | Clerk | | MA | | T300 | 37 | 2368 | 3079 | Tweed Mary L | 14 F | | | MA | X | T300 | 38 | 2368 | 3080 | Reed George W | 58 M | Trader | 3000 1800 | MA | | R300 | 39 | 2368 | 3080 | Reed Betsey P | 56 F | Housewife | | NH | | R300 | 40 | 2368 | 3080 | Reed Sarah H | 19 F | | | NH | | R300 | =====|=======|=======|=================================|=============|==============================|==============|====================|================================|======|==========================================================================